序列伪轨跟踪性与拓扑可迁

给出序列伪轨跟踪性的定义,得到拓扑可迁的一个充分条件,并证明,若f是同胚,则f具有序列伪轨跟踪性当且仅当其逆极限空间上的移位映射σf具有序列伪轨跟踪性。     

铅稳定同位素在环境污染示踪中的应用和进展

从国内外大量研究实例出发,论述了铅同位素示踪在环境污染研究中的应用和进展。包括大气降尘、水系沉积物、土壤—植物体系这三个方面的相关理论以及最新的研究成果,并得出了不同研究对象中铅污染的来源、迁移以及富集的一些规律。     

基于p-FTIR和p-XRF测试组合的大汶口文化蛇纹石质玉器无损检测及产地溯源分析

出土玉器溯源是探索华夏玉器文明起源与演化的关键所在,无损测试技术的进步推动了学术界对出土玉器产地溯源的研究,但至今为止,无损技术仍然是制约出土玉器溯源研究的瓶颈所在。利用便携红外光谱（portable Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,p-FTIR, 带漫反射附件）+ 便携X射线荧光光谱（portable X-ray flourescence, p-XRF）技术组合对山东省文物与考古研究院发掘的大汶口文化出土蛇纹石质玉器的物相和化学组成进行了无损测试以及出土玉器产地溯源的探索。测试结果显示,大汶口文化的蛇纹石玉存在两种成因类型,其中7件玉器（M1005:3,M1006:4,M1013:12,M20:30,M11,T333:2B①：2,M49:04）属于超基性岩型,Fe,Cr和Ni含量较高,含较多磁铁矿包体,磁性较强,Cr/Ni值小于1且多数小于0.7,与现代泰山玉的产地特征基本一致,最大可能就地取材于附近的泰山山麓,为泰山玉的使用时间提前到5500年前的大汶口文化时期提供了重要的科学依据。另外4件玉器（M2004:1、B型环、M25：26、M26）具有低Fe,Cr和Ni含量,为富镁碳酸盐接触交代变质类型,其来源有待进一步研究确认。上述研究结果确认p-FTIR和p-XRF结合能够实现对考古现场及馆藏多数未知玉器材料的快速鉴定,具有无需制样、矿物类型和元素组成可相互验证、无荧光干扰等优点,对部分特定类型的蛇纹石质出土玉器/材料可进行产地来源分析,是一种有优势的出土玉器无损测试技术组合。     

基于光路追踪方法的激光交叉束能量转移模型

提出一种基于几何光路追踪方法并可在流体模拟程序中实现在线计算的激光交叉束能量转移(CBET)耦合模型。借助由激光逆轫致吸收公式引入的泵浦激光功率密度在流体网格尺度上的计算公式,该模型可计算探针激光束中每根光线所携带的能量经过与泵浦激光场相互作用带来的损失(或增加),从而实现激光能量在束间的转移。反复迭代的计算方法解决了由于激光束间能量转移与光线历史相关并且束间强耦合带来的方程求解困难。模型很容易推广到多束激光束两两能量交换的情形,也可用于研究逆轫致吸收和激光等离子体相互作用等物理内容。     

Dynamical energy analysis on mesh grids: A new tool for describing the vibro-acoustic response of complex mechanical structures

We present a new approach for modelling noise and vibration in complex mechanical structures in the mid-to-high frequency regime. It is based on a dynamical energy analysis (DEA) formulation which extends standard techniques such as statistical energy analysis (SEA) towards non-diffusive wave fields. DEA takes into account the full directionality of the wave field and makes sub-structuring obsolete. It can thus be implemented on mesh grids commonly used, for example, in the finite element method (FEM). The resulting mesh based formulation of DEA can be implemented very efficiently using discrete flow mapping (DFM) as detailed in Chappell et al. (2013) and described here for applications in vibro-acoustics. A mid-to-high frequency vibro-acoustic response can be obtained over the whole modelled structure. Abrupt changes of material parameter at interfaces are described in terms of reflection/transmission matrices obtained by solving the wave equation locally. Two benchmark model systems are considered: a double-hull structure used in the ship-building industry and a cast aluminium shock tower from a Range Rover. We demonstrate that DEA with DFM implementation can handle multi-mode wave propagation effectively, taking into account mode conversion between shear, pressure and bending waves at interfaces, and on curved surfaces.     

三维LTI射线追踪极小值方程的快速数值解法

线性走时插值（LTI）算法应用于三维射线追踪时,其向前处理过程中的极小值方程是超越方程,无法求出解析解.虽然可以采用网格剖分方式近似求解,网格剖分精度越大,计算结果越精确,但随着剖分精度的提高,向前处理的计算量会以N3的阶次增加,从而导致计算效率的降低.本文将最速下降法引入到LTI射线追踪算法的向前处理,提出了一种求解三维LTI超越方程的快速数值解法,该方法也不是一种精确求解方法,而是沿着负梯度方向不断逼近真实解.计算结果表明,该算法在兼顾射线追踪精度的同时能有效提高计算效率,计算速度快了3倍以上.     

Offner成像光谱仪建模及像差分析

利用光线追迹方法得到系统的数值模型,然后运用级数展开方法,建立起系统的3阶解析模型,亦即3阶像差理论.该模型给出系统像差系数和计算系统点列图的解析表达式,可适应于包含变间距凸面光栅的系统,并具有良好的扩展性.通过追迹示例Offner系统中10000条不同波长、不同高度的光线,结果表明运用解析模型可以快速而准确地生成系统...     

光纤耦合激光束输出光空间分布及其影响因素分析

通过分析光纤出射端面的光强分布,研究了光纤传输过程中激光二极管出射光束进入光纤时的指向角对出射端面光场分布的影响.提出一种影响光纤输出端光场的新因素,对数值孔径和光纤芯径两个影响因素进行了补充.在光纤传输过程中,将激光二极管出射的光束等效为大量光线,在二极管输出光的位置以及空间分布确定的情况下,使用光线追迹方法依次分析...     

气动光学头罩光传输数值仿真

 气动热环境下光学头罩由于受气动热效应作用,其形状和光学性质都将发生改变,从而影响头罩内的光传输。建立气动光学头罩有限元分析模型,根据热光效应和弹光效应理论,对头罩的折射率场进行数值计算,采用四阶龙格-库塔法编制光线追迹程序对气动光学头罩内红外辐射光线传输进行了数值仿真,得到了头罩光学系统出射波面波像差和调制传递函数。研究结果表明：气动热环境下热光效应对光学头罩光传输的影响远比弹光效应大,且气动光学头罩成像质量受到气动热效应的影响严重下降,为了提高高速飞行器的制导精度,不能忽视气动热对头罩光传输的影响。     

Distribution characteristics and source tracing of petroleum hydrocarbons in the northeastern South China Sea

In recent years, oil spills caused by human activities have occurred frequently, and the resultant oil pollution has received extensive attention worldwide. In this paper, a total of 50 water samples were collected from the northeastern part of the South China Sea, and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and n-alkane content in the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) technology. The petroleum hydrocarbon characteristic indices, such as carbon predominance index (CPI) and terrigenous/aquatic ratio (TAR), were calculated to trace the source of petroleum hydrocarbons. The measured value of TPHs ranged from 121.31–603.02 μg/L. For surface waters, the TPHs in the northern coastal waters and the central waters were higher than that in the far shore. For vertical waters, the TPHs sharply decreased at first, and then increased slowly and finally reached a steady state. The n-alkanes in the water samples were concentrated in C10-C38, and they were mainly from terrestrial higher plant. The waters in the near shore, mid-layer and deep sea showed a strong reducing terrestrial characteristic, while the surface waters in the open sea showed an obvious oxidizing endogenous characteristic.